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- Facial trauma and reconstructive surgery: insights from a case series of severe maxillofacial injuries
- Harendra Kumar, Abdul Hakeem, Abdul Vakil Khan, Rachith Sridhar, Deepak Kumar, Majid Anwer
- J Trauma Inj. 2026;39(1):94-103. Published online February 4, 2026
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2025.0080
- 3,677 View
- 86 Download
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Abstract
PDF - Facial trauma is a complex and important contributor to trauma-related morbidity, often requiring multidisciplinary management due to intricate anatomy and the dual need for functional and aesthetic restoration. This case series describes a spectrum of maxillofacial injuries treated by trauma surgeons, including soft tissue degloving, zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures, mandibular fractures, and airway compromise. All patients were managed in accordance with Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) principles. Surgical interventions included layered wound closure, open reduction and internal fixation, and airway management through endotracheal intubation, cricothyroidotomy, or tracheostomy. The series underscores the critical decision-making required in airway management, the surgical expertise necessary for fracture stabilization, and the importance of early reconstruction in optimizing outcomes. It further emphasizes the role of trauma surgeons in delivering comprehensive care and highlights the value of preventive strategies such as helmet use and road safety enforcement. These cases contribute to the growing evidence that timely, coordinated surgical intervention supports optimal recovery in patients with facial trauma.
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SummaryOriginal Article
- Blunt abdominal trauma: a retrospective study on clinical insights and treatment outcomes
- Anurag Kumar, Rachith Sridhar, Harendra Kumar, Abdul Hakeem S., Abdul Vakil Khan, Majid Anwer
- J Trauma Inj. 2025;38(3):221-231. Published online September 29, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2025.0045
- 6,358 View
- 295 Download
- 3 Web of Science
- 5 Citations
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Abstract
PDF
- Purpose
Blunt abdominal trauma is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, predominantly affecting younger male patients. Therefore, a study examining the mechanisms of injury, injury patterns, and outcomes in these cases is essential. The aim of this study was to evaluate demographics, injury mechanisms, treatments provided, and outcomes in cases of blunt abdominal trauma at a level I trauma center in Eastern India.
Methods
A descriptive retrospective study was conducted at a level I trauma center using departmental audit data spanning 18 months (July 2022–December 2023). Data from 118 patients diagnosed with blunt abdominal trauma were analyzed.
Results
The study revealed a pronounced male predominance (6.35:1), with a mean age of 30.2 years. Road traffic accidents were the most frequent cause of injury (56.8%). Only six patients (5.1%) presented within the "golden hour," resulting in delayed interventions. Surgical intervention was necessary in 78 cases (66.1%), with hollow viscus perforation being the most common indication. The mean hospital stay was 10.6 days, and the overall mortality rate was 12.7%. The presence of shock upon admission significantly correlated with mortality (P<0.001).
Conclusions
Blunt abdominal trauma continues to represent a critical healthcare challenge, particularly affecting younger males. Improved healthcare accessibility, adherence to Advanced Trauma Life Support protocols, and timely interventions could improve survival rates. -
Summary
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Advances in abdominal wall imaging: The potential role of cinematic rendering
Zahra F. Rahmatullah, Elliot K. Fishman
Emergency Radiology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Non-operative management of blunt abdominal trauma in a tertiary sub-Saharan surgical department: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 19 cases
Jacques Noel Tendeng, Armel Franck Tene Nde, Guillaume Tcheutchoua Soh, Diago Anta Dia, Latyr Diagne, Mohamed Lamine Diao, Philippe Manyacka Ma Nyemb, Ibrahima Konate
International Journal of Surgery: Global Health.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - An Unusual Case of Penetrating Abdominal Trauma With Important Clinical Lessons
Girish Bakhshi, Ranjitha R Maiyya, Chandrakant Sabale, Shweta Tungal, Swapnil Bhagat
Cureus.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Diagnostic Challenges and Management of Blunt Traumatic Duodenal Diverticulum Perforation: A Systematic Review
Maciej Rybicki, Bartłomiej Białas, Karol Kamil Kłosiński, Zbigniew Włodzimierz Pasieka, Bartosz Marek Czyżewski, Piotr Tomasz Arkuszewski
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(11): 4390. CrossRef - Pearls and pitfalls in the imaging of blunt bowel and mesenteric injury
Irfan Amir Kazi, Mohamed Elbanan, Ayman Gaballah, Amr Abdelaziz, Nanda Deepa Thimmappa, Bareen Waseem Kabir, Ayesha Nasrullah, Joe Jose, Verghese George, Vivek Yagnik, Rushabh Dev, M. Azfar Siddiqui
Abdominal Radiology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Case Report- Inferior vena cava injuries at a level I trauma center: a case series
- Rachith Sridhar, Abdul Vakil Khan, Harendra Kumar, Abdul Hakeem, Deepak Kumar, Majid Anwer
- J Trauma Inj. 2025;38(3):299-306. Published online June 27, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2025.0054
- 4,373 View
- 86 Download
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Abstract
PDF
- Inferior vena cava (IVC) injuries are rare but deadly. Depending on the mechanism of injury, patient status, and type of injury, intervention may be surgical or endovascular. These injuries typically pose challenges in identification and treatment. During surgical intervention, rapid access and timely control of the bleeding site may be difficult. In this series, we aim to describe various IVC injuries presented at our center, detailing challenges and outcomes in their management. The study aims to characterize the presentation, interventions, and outcomes of IVC injury cases at a level I trauma center over a period of 30 months. In this report, a total of six cases of IVC injury were treated at our center. All patients underwent surgical intervention. Each patient experienced a high-energy trauma mechanism, with three patients sustaining blunt trauma and three sustaining penetrating trauma. Of the six patients, three survived while three died. Mortality was attributed to delayed presentation, complexity of injuries, and technical difficulties. Adherence to Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocols, timely diagnosis and resuscitation, and rapid decision-making can reduce mortality associated with IVC injuries. Nonetheless, surgeons must remain cognizant of the inherent challenges and pitfalls in managing these injuries.
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