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J Trauma Inj > Epub ahead of print |
Ethical statements
This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Gachon University Gil Medical Center (No. GCIRB2020-375). The requirement for informed consent from patients was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.
Conflicts of interest
Gil Jae Lee is the Editor-in-Chief and Min A Lee is the associate editor of Journal of Trauma and Injury but were not involved in the peer reviewer selection, evaluation, or decision process of this article. The authors have no other conflicts of interest to declare.
Author contributions
Conceptualization: BY, JL; Data curation: SBJ, SHL; Formal analysis: YK, JC, JG, YP; Methodology: KKC, MAL, GJL; Visualization: BY, SBJ, SHL, JL; Writing–original draft: YK, JC, JG, YP, KKC, MAL, GJL; Writing–review & editing: all authors.
All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Variable | Total (n=752) | Admitted (n=345) | Non-admitted (n=407) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | <0.001a) | |||
0–19 | 92 (12.2) | 21 (6.1) | 71 (17.4) | |
20–29 | 115 (15.3) | 55 (15.9) | 60 (14.7) | |
30–39 | 133 (17.7) | 63 (18.3) | 70 (17.2) | |
40–49 | 169 (22.5) | 84 (24.3) | 85 (20.9) | |
50–59 | 143 (19.0) | 63 (18.3) | 80 (19.7) | |
60–69 | 62 (8.2) | 30 (8.7) | 32 (7.9) | |
≥70 | 38 (5.1) | 29 (8.4) | 9 (2.2) | |
Male sex | 537 (71.4) | 255 (73.9) | 282 (69.3) | 0.162 |
Classification of emergency center | <0.001a) | |||
Regional emergency center | 321 (42.7) | 185 (53.6) | 136 (33.4) | |
Local emergency center | 413 (54.9) | 151 (43.8) | 262 (64.4) | |
Direct transportation | 687 (91.4) | 293 (84.9) | 394 (96.8) | <0.001a) |
KTASb)score | <0.001a) | |||
1 | 9 (1.2) | 2 (0.6) | 7 (1.7) | |
2 | 161 (21.4) | 119 (34.5) | 42 (10.3) | |
3 | 104 (13.8) | 59 (17.1) | 45 (11.1) | |
4 | 159 (21.1) | 23 (6.7) | 136 (33.4) | |
5 | 22 (2.9) | 1 (0.3) | 21 (5.2) | |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 118.2±43.8 | 124.7±34.5 | 112.6±49.7 | <0.001a) |
Pulse rate (beats/min) | 82.2±27.5 | 89.4±22.4 | 76.1±29.9 | 0.020a) |
Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 18.7±6.2 | 20.0±4.1 | 17.7±7.4 | <0.001a) |
ED disposition | NA | NA | NA | |
Discharge | 377 (50.1) | |||
Transfer out | 20 (2.7) | |||
Admission to ward or ICU | 345 (45.9) | |||
Death in ED | 10 (1.3) | |||
Time from injury to ED (min) | 48 (30–60) | 54 (30–65) | 39 (27–60) | 0.004a) |
ED stay time (min) | 79 (36–138) | 108 (68–167) | 52 (24–104) | <0.001a) |
Time from injury to ED disposition (min) | 143 (85–248) | 175 (120–274) | 115 (65–208) | <0.001a) |
Variable | NOM group (n=173) | OM group (n=172) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Classification of emergency center | 0.001a) | ||
Regional emergency center | 77 (44.5) | 108 (62.8) | |
Local emergency center | 93 (53.8) | 58 (33.7) | |
Direct transportation | 145 (83.8) | 148 (86.0) | 0.334 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129.9±30.0 | 119.5±37.8 | 0.005a) |
Pulse rate (beats/min) | 87.5±21.4 | 91.3±23.3 | 0.117 |
Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 19.6±4.0 | 20.1±4.1 | 0.218 |
Time from injury to ED (min) | 57 (30–79) | 51 (30–60) | 0.750 |
ED stay time (min) | 173 (88–199) | 87 (52–143) | 0.440 |
Time from injury to ED disposition (min) | 211 (140–325) | 150 (98–224) | 0.110 |
Admission to ICU | 53 (30.6) | 122 (70.9) | <0.001a) |
Discharged to home | 153 (88.4) | 147 (85.5) | 0.028a) |
Died in hospital | 0 | 10 (5.8) |
Variable | Direct (n=687) | Transferred (n=65) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Classification of emergency center | 0.001a) | ||
Regional emergency center | 279 (40.6) | 42 (64.6) | |
Local emergency center | 408 (59.4) | 23 (35.4) | |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 117.9±43.9 | 120.9±42.6 | 0.605 |
Pulse rate (beats/min) | 81.6±27.7 | 88.7±24.5 | 0.300 |
Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 18.5±6.2 | 20.4±5.5 | 0.100 |
Time from injury to ED (min) | 43 (30–60) | 101 (60–240) | <0.001a) |
ED stay time (min) | 76 (34–137) | 92 (55–149) | 0.555 |
Time from injury to ED disposition (min) | 138 (82–235) | 218 (159–450) | 0.001a) |
Admission to ICU | 146 (21.3) | 29 (44.6) | <0.001a) |
Mortality | 15 (2.2) | 5 (7.7) | 0.027a) |
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