Traumatic chylothorax can be iatrogenic or non-iatrogenic. Traumatic chylothroax is a rare entity, as the thoracic duct has a protected posterior location. In most cases chylothorax is caused by damage to the thoracic duct or one of its branches in association with flexion-extension injury to the thoracic spine. Diagnosis and subsequent management present significant problems for the clinician, prompt diagnosis is essential to achieve an effective therapeutic goal. A 54-year-old woman was transferred for thoracic trauma secondary to penetrating injury with a branch of tree following a fall. During the treatment, traumatic chylothorax was discovered and successfully treated by conservative approach.
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